Adjectives
& Adverbs
1.
An adjective is a word or set
of words that modifies (i.e., describes) a noun or pronoun.
Adjectives may come before the word they modify.
Examples:
That is a cute puppy.
She likes a high school senior.
That is a cute puppy.
She likes a high school senior.
Adjectives may also follow the word they
modify:
Examples:
That puppy looks cute.
The technology is state-of-the-art.
That puppy looks cute.
The technology is state-of-the-art.
·
Demonstrative Adjectives
Demonstrative adjectives are adjectives that are used to modify a
noun so that we know which specific person, place, or thing is mentioned.
Examples of Demonstrative Adjectives:
When you list two items, you can separate them
with a conjunction. Remember that aconjunction is a
word that joins two words, phrases, or sentences.
Examples of items in a series:
Bread, milk, and cheese
Jennifer, Mary, and Charlotte
Red, yellow, and blue
· Predicative adjective
is the term for the adjective which is placed after the noun it describes. Or it could be said that the predicative adjective is an adjective that is used or placed after the verb, since it is between the noun described by its adjective separated by the linking verb or some of the following verbs: become, grow, taste, look and seem.
· Quantitative Adjective
An adjective that shows how much (something much) a thing is meant to be.
The main qualities belonging to this category:
Adjective of quantity is always followed by a single noun, and this noun
should always be a material noun or abstract noun, for example much bread, much
butter, much sugar (material), much pain (= a high degree of pain) The very
(abstract noun). Therefore the ajective of quantity is also called the
adjective of degree.
·
Attributive
A normal form
of adjective occupies a position before noun or noun. Attributive adjective is
very often encountered in the English sentence itself.
Example:
1. I
see a beautiful girl sits under the tree (I saw a beautiful girl sitting under
a tree)
2. I
want to buy an expensive watch for my mom. (I want to buy an expensive watch
for my mom)
3. I
think, it is a cheap thing that you have ever given (I think this is a cheap
item you've ever given)
2.
An adverb is a word or set of
words that modifies verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. Adverbs answer how,when, where, why,
or to what extent—how often or how much (e.g., daily, completely).
Examples:
He speaks slowly (tells how)
He speaks very slowly (the adverb very tells how slowly)
She arrived today (tells when)
She will arrive in an hour (this adverb phrase tells when)
Let's go outside (tells where)
We looked in the basement (this adverb phrase tells where)
Bernie left to avoid trouble (this adverb phrase tells why)
Jorge works out strenuously (tells to what extent)
Jorge works out whenever possible (this adverb phrase tells to what extent)
He speaks slowly (tells how)
He speaks very slowly (the adverb very tells how slowly)
She arrived today (tells when)
She will arrive in an hour (this adverb phrase tells when)
Let's go outside (tells where)
We looked in the basement (this adverb phrase tells where)
Bernie left to avoid trouble (this adverb phrase tells why)
Jorge works out strenuously (tells to what extent)
Jorge works out whenever possible (this adverb phrase tells to what extent)
Types of Adverb
a. Adverb
of Time.
It is an adverb that specifies the timing of a job, action or event.
Example:
I’am stydying english now. (Saya
sedang belajar bahasa Inggris sekarang).
Untuk membantu menunjukkan Adverb of Time, kita
bisa mengajukan pertanyaan dengan kata “when” (kapan).
b. Adverb
of Place.
It is an adverb that indicates where the action, action or event occurred. Example :
She studies English here. (Ia belajar bahasa Inggris di sini).
Untuk membantu menunjukkan Adverb of Place,
kita bisa mengajukan pertanyaan dengan kata “where” (di mana).
c. Adverb
of Manner.
It is an adverb that reveals how a work was done or an event took place. Example :
They worked hard. (Mereka bekerja dengan keras).
Untuk membantu menunjukkan Adverb of Manner,
kita bisa mengajukan pertanyaan dengan kata “how” (bagaimana).
d. Adverb
of Frequency.
It is an adverb that states how much or how much a job, action or event is performed.
1) adverb of quantity.
Example: always (selalu), usually (biasanya), never (tidakpernah), ever (pernah),sometimes (kadang-kadang), seldom (jarang), generally (umumnya),
dsb.Contoh aplikasi dalam kalimat :
Andi always drinks milk every night.
(Andi selalu minum susu setiap malam).
2) adverb
of number.
Example : once (sekali), twice (dua
kali), thrice (tiga kali), half (setengah), twofold (dua
kali lipat), dsb.
Contoh aplikasi dalam kalimat :
He eats twice every day. (Ia makan
dua kali tiap hari)..
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